/* OAMS Student Hub v2: answer-sheet identity. Navy and saffron from the IGNOUOAMS logo. */
@font-face{font-family:"Anek IO";src:url(../fonts/anek-latin-display.woff2) format("woff2");font-weight:500 800;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}
:root{--navy:#00205b;--ink:#1a2238;--brand-orange:#e46200;--accent:#c75300;--accent-dark:#a84600;--muted:#5b6b82;--line:#dde3ec;--soft:#f4f6fa;--paper:#fff;--rule:#dfe7f3;--margin:#f2b48a;--mark:#ffe58a;--ok:#14794a;--bad:#b42318;--font-display:"Anek IO","Arial Narrow","Roboto Condensed",system-ui,sans-serif;--font-body:system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",Roboto,"Noto Sans","Helvetica Neue",Arial,"Noto Sans Devanagari",sans-serif;--wrap:1180px;--head-h:64px}
*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-padding-top:84px}
body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:17px;line-height:1.65;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;overflow-wrap:break-word}
img,svg,video,iframe{max-width:100%}
img{height:auto}
a{color:var(--accent);text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:2px}
a:hover{color:var(--accent-dark)}
:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--navy);outline-offset:2px}
h1,h2,h3,h4{color:var(--navy);line-height:1.2;margin:0 0 .5em}
h1,h2{font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:750;letter-spacing:-.005em}
h3{font-size:1.12rem;font-weight:700}
p{margin:0 0 1em}
button,input,select,textarea{font:inherit}
[hidden]{display:none!important}
.screen-reader-text{position:absolute!important;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}
.skip-link{position:absolute;left:12px;top:-80px;z-index:200;background:#fff;color:var(--navy);padding:10px 14px;border-radius:8px;font-weight:700}
.skip-link:focus{top:12px}
.wrap{max-width:var(--wrap);margin:0 auto;padding:0 16px}
.narrow{max-width:780px}
.wide{max-width:1040px}
@media(min-width:768px){.wrap{padding:0 24px}}

/* ruled answer sheet: faint blue lines and the orange margin rule */
.sheet{position:relative;overflow:hidden;background-color:#fff;background-image:repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom,transparent 0,transparent 31px,var(--rule) 31px,var(--rule) 32px);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.sheet>.wrap{position:relative}
.sheet>.wrap::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:6px;top:-400px;bottom:-400px;width:2px;background:var(--margin);opacity:.85}
@media(min-width:768px){.sheet>.wrap::before{left:8px}}
@media(min-width:1260px){.sheet>.wrap::before{left:-18px}}

/* header */
.site-head{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:60;background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.site-head.is-scrolled{box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(0,32,91,.08)}
.site-head__in{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;min-height:var(--head-h)}
.brand{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;flex:none;text-decoration:none;color:var(--navy)}
.brand__img{display:block;height:46px;width:auto;max-width:170px;object-fit:contain}
@media(min-width:768px){.brand__img{height:56px;max-width:230px}.site-head__in{min-height:72px}}
.brand--text{gap:8px;font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:800;font-size:1.35rem;letter-spacing:-.01em}
.brand__mark{display:grid;place-items:center;width:36px;height:36px;border-radius:9px;background:var(--navy);color:#fff;font-size:1rem}
.brand__word b{color:var(--brand-orange);font-weight:800}
.mainnav{display:none;margin-left:auto}
.mainnav__list{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:2px;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.mainnav__list>li>a,.mainnav__morebtn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:4px;min-height:44px;padding:0 10px;border:0;background:none;color:var(--navy);font-size:.95rem;font-weight:650;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:3px solid transparent;cursor:pointer}
.mainnav__list>li>a:hover,.mainnav__morebtn:hover,.mainnav__morebtn[aria-expanded=true]{border-bottom-color:var(--line)}
.mainnav__list>li.is-current>a,.mainnav__list>li.current-menu-item>a{border-bottom-color:var(--brand-orange)}
.mainnav__list .sub-menu{display:none}
.site-head__act{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:4px;margin-left:auto}
@media(min-width:1080px){.mainnav{display:block}.site-head__act{margin-left:0}.iconbtn--menu{display:none!important}}
.iconbtn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:6px;min-width:44px;min-height:44px;padding:0 10px;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:10px;background:none;color:var(--navy);cursor:pointer}
.iconbtn:hover{background:var(--soft)}
.iconbtn--menu{border-color:var(--line);font-weight:650;font-size:.92rem}
.sitesearch{border-top:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;padding:12px 0}
.sitesearch__form{display:flex;gap:8px}
.sitesearch__form input{flex:1;min-width:0;min-height:48px;padding:10px 14px;border:1.5px solid #c9d3e2;border-radius:10px;font-size:16px}
.morepanel{border-top:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;box-shadow:0 12px 24px rgba(0,32,91,.08)}
.morepanel__in{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr);gap:20px;padding-top:18px;padding-bottom:22px}
.morepanel__h,.drawer__h{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;margin:0 0 6px;font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:750;color:var(--navy);font-size:1.05rem}
.morepanel__h span,.drawer__h span{display:grid;place-items:center;width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--soft);font-size:.8rem;color:var(--accent)}
.morepanel ul,.drawer ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.morepanel li a{display:block;padding:5px 0;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;font-size:.95rem}
.morepanel li a:hover{color:var(--accent)}
.drawer{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:100;background:rgba(0,20,60,.45)}
.drawer__in{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;width:min(360px,88vw);overflow-y:auto;background:#fff;padding:12px 18px 28px}
.drawer__top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:8px}
.drawer__title{font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:750;font-size:1.2rem;color:var(--navy)}
.drawer__quick{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:6px;margin-bottom:14px!important}
.drawer__quick a{display:block;padding:10px 12px;border-radius:10px;background:var(--soft);color:var(--navy);font-weight:650;text-decoration:none;font-size:.95rem}
.drawer__h{margin-top:14px}
.drawer__list a{display:block;padding:8px 0 8px 32px;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid #eef1f5}
body.has-drawer{overflow:hidden}

/* homepage hero */
.hero{padding:26px 0 30px}
.hero__in{display:grid;gap:24px}
@media(min-width:960px){.hero{padding:44px 0 48px}.hero__in{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 340px;gap:44px;align-items:start}}
.hero__title{font-size:clamp(2rem,5.4vw,3.15rem);line-height:1.04;max-width:17ch;margin:0 0 .35em;font-weight:800}
.hero__sub{font-size:1.06rem;max-width:58ch;color:#2c3650;margin-bottom:18px}
.hero .ioe-lookup{background:#fff;border:1px solid #cfd8e6;border-radius:16px;padding:16px;box-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(0,32,91,.10)}
.hero__side{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px;padding:14px}
.hero__sideh{font-size:1.25rem;margin:0 0 8px}
.ioe-dates--hero .ioe-dates__item{border-left-width:4px}

/* bands */
.band{padding:34px 0}
@media(min-width:960px){.band{padding:48px 0}}
.band--soft{background:var(--soft);border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.band__head{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;gap:4px 16px;margin-bottom:14px}
.band__head h2{font-size:clamp(1.5rem,3.2vw,2rem);margin:0}
.band__head p{margin:0;color:var(--muted);flex-basis:100%;max-width:70ch}
.band--tools{padding-top:30px}
.tools{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;gap:10px}
@media(min-width:620px){.tools{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}
@media(min-width:1000px){.tools{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)}}
.tools__item a{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:flex-start;height:100%;padding:14px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;background:#fff;color:var(--navy);text-decoration:none}
.tools__item a:hover{border-color:var(--brand-orange);background:#fffaf5}
.tools__item .ioe-ico{color:var(--brand-orange);margin-top:2px}
.tools__item strong{display:block;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.3}
.tools__item small{display:block;margin-top:3px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.4}
.tools__item--pdf-maker a{background:var(--navy);border-color:var(--navy);color:#fff}
.tools__item--pdf-maker small{color:#cdd8ef}
.tools__item--pdf-maker .ioe-ico{color:#ffb27a}
.tools__item--pdf-maker a:hover{background:#0b2f75}
@media(min-width:1000px){.tools__item--pdf-maker{grid-row:span 2}.tools__item--pdf-maker a{flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-end;padding:18px}.tools__item--pdf-maker strong{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:1.45rem}}
.split{display:grid;gap:30px}
@media(max-width:759px){.home .ioe-board__meta{display:none}.home .ioe-board__item{padding:10px 0;align-items:center}}
@media(min-width:960px){.split{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.5fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:48px}}
.stages{list-style:none;counter-reset:st;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;gap:10px}
.stages__item{counter-increment:st;position:relative;padding:10px 0 10px 46px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.stages__item::before{content:counter(st);position:absolute;left:0;top:10px;width:32px;height:32px;border-radius:50%;border:2px solid var(--navy);display:grid;place-items:center;font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:750;color:var(--navy)}
.stages__name{margin:0;font-weight:750;color:var(--navy)}
.stages__links{margin:2px 0 0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:2px 14px;font-size:.95rem}
.stages__links a{color:var(--navy);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid #c9d3e2}
.stages__links a:hover{color:var(--accent);border-bottom-color:var(--accent)}
.progsearch{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin:6px 0 12px}
.progsearch input{flex:1 1 240px;min-width:0;min-height:48px;padding:10px 14px;border:1.5px solid #c9d3e2;border-radius:10px;font-size:16px;background:#fff}
.ioe-chip-link--all{border-style:dashed}
.guides{display:grid;gap:0 28px}
@media(min-width:760px){.guides{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}
@media(min-width:1100px){.guides{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}}
.band--faq{background:var(--soft);border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.faq details{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:4px 0}
.faq summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;padding:12px 30px 12px 0;position:relative;font-weight:700;color:var(--navy)}
.faq summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.faq summary::after{content:"+";position:absolute;right:4px;top:8px;font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--accent)}
.faq details[open] summary::after{content:"\2212"}
.faq details p{margin:0 0 12px;color:#2c3650}

/* list items (archives, guides) */
.li{padding:14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.li__meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 12px;align-items:center;margin:0 0 4px;font-size:.8rem;color:var(--muted)}
.li__tag{font-weight:750;color:var(--accent)}
.li__title{margin:0;font-size:1.05rem;line-height:1.35}
.li__title a{color:var(--navy);text-decoration:none}
.li__title a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.li__ex{margin:6px 0 0;color:#3b4660;font-size:.95rem}

/* page head */
.page-head{padding:16px 0 22px}
@media(min-width:960px){.page-head{padding:22px 0 30px}}
.page-head__title{font-size:clamp(1.75rem,4.4vw,2.6rem);line-height:1.1;max-width:30ch;margin:6px 0 10px}
.page-head__kicker{margin:8px 0 0;font-weight:700;color:var(--accent);font-size:.95rem}
.page-head__meta,.page-head__desc{color:var(--muted);margin:0;max-width:70ch}
.crumbs ol{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:2px 0;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;font-size:.85rem;color:var(--muted)}
.crumbs li+li::before{content:"/";margin:0 8px;color:#a9b4c6}
.crumbs a{color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none}
@media(max-width:759px){.crumbs li:last-child{display:none}.crumbs li:nth-last-child(2)::after{content:""}}
.crumbs a:hover{color:var(--accent);text-decoration:underline}
.crumbs .rank-math-breadcrumb p{margin:0;font-size:.85rem;color:var(--muted)}
.entry-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px 18px;font-size:.88rem;color:var(--muted)}
.entry-meta__k{font-weight:700;color:#7a879b}
.entry-meta a{color:var(--muted)}

/* article layout */
.layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:36px;padding-top:24px;padding-bottom:48px}
.layout>*{min-width:0}
@media(min-width:1024px){.layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 300px;gap:48px;padding-top:32px}}
.page-body{padding-top:24px;padding-bottom:48px}
.article{min-width:0;max-width:760px}
.article--page{max-width:none}
.article__img{margin:0 0 18px}
.article__img img{border-radius:12px}

/* entry content */
.entry-content{font-size:1.06rem}
.entry-content>*{max-width:72ch}
.entry-content>.ioe-embed,.entry-content>.ioe-tool,.entry-content>section,.entry-content>.ioe-table-wrap,.entry-content>div,.entry-content>.toc,.entry-content>table{max-width:none}
.entry-content :where(h2){font-size:clamp(1.4rem,3vw,1.75rem);margin:1.9em 0 .55em}
.entry-content :where(h3){margin:1.5em 0 .5em}
.entry-content :where(li){margin:.3em 0}
.entry-content :where(ul,ol){padding-left:1.3em}
.entry-content :where(blockquote){margin:1.2em 0;padding:10px 16px;border-left:4px solid var(--line);background:var(--soft);border-radius:0 10px 10px 0;color:#2c3650}
.entry-content :where(table):not(.ioe-table){display:block;overflow-x:auto;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.95rem}
.entry-content :where(table):not(.ioe-table) :where(td,th){border:1px solid var(--line);padding:8px 10px;text-align:left}
.entry-content :where(hr){border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin:2em 0}
.io-lead{font-size:1.14rem;line-height:1.6;color:#1f2a44;padding-left:14px;border-left:3px solid var(--margin)}
.alert{background:#fff8ef;border:1px solid #f0d2b3;border-radius:10px;padding:10px 14px}
/* v1 blocks stored in content */
.io-related-guides{margin:2em 0 0;padding-top:1em;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.io-related-guides h2{font-size:1.3rem}
.io-related-grid{display:grid;gap:6px}
@media(min-width:700px){.io-related-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}
.io-related-link{display:block;padding:10px 12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;color:var(--navy);font-weight:650;text-decoration:none;font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.35}
.io-related-link:hover{border-color:var(--brand-orange)}
.io-related-link span{display:none}
.io-directory-list{display:grid;gap:8px}
.io-directory-item{padding:10px 12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px}
.io-data-note{font-size:.9rem;color:var(--muted)}

/* table of contents */
.toc{margin:18px 0 8px}
.toc details{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;background:var(--soft)}
.toc summary{cursor:pointer;padding:10px 14px;font-weight:700;color:var(--navy);list-style:none}
.toc summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.toc summary span{font-weight:500;color:var(--muted);font-size:.9rem;margin-left:6px}
.toc summary::after{content:"+";float:right;color:var(--accent);font-size:1.2rem;line-height:1}
.toc details[open] summary::after{content:"\2212"}
.toc ol{margin:0;padding:0 18px 12px 34px;font-size:.95rem}
@media(min-width:760px){.toc ol{columns:2;column-gap:28px}}
.toc li{break-inside:avoid;margin:3px 0}
.toc a{color:var(--navy)}

/* in-article helpers */
.readnext{margin:22px 0;padding:12px 14px;border-left:3px solid var(--brand-orange);background:#fffaf5;border-radius:0 10px 10px 0}
.readnext__k{display:block;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:750;color:var(--accent)}
.readnext a{font-weight:700;color:var(--navy)}
.share{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;align-items:center;margin:28px 0 8px;padding-top:16px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.share__k{font-weight:700;color:var(--navy);margin-right:4px;font-size:.95rem}
.share__btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;min-height:40px;padding:6px 12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:999px;background:#fff;color:var(--navy);font-size:.9rem;font-weight:650;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer}
.share__btn--wa{background:#e7f8ee;border-color:#b6e5c8;color:#0b6b3a}
.share__btn.is-done{background:#eaf7ef}
.end-actions{margin:20px 0;padding:16px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;background:#fff}
.end-actions__h{font-size:1.2rem;margin:0 0 10px}
.end-actions__row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.end-actions__note{margin:10px 0 0;font-size:.84rem;color:var(--muted)}
.author-box{margin:20px 0;padding:14px 16px;border-radius:12px;background:var(--soft);font-size:.93rem;color:#33405a}
.author-box p{margin:0 0 6px}
.author-box__name{font-weight:700;color:var(--navy)}
.related{margin-top:28px}
.related h2{font-size:1.4rem}
.related__list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;gap:8px}
@media(min-width:700px){.related__list{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}
.related__list a{display:block;height:100%;padding:12px 14px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--navy)}
.related__list a:hover{border-color:var(--brand-orange)}
.related__cat{display:block;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:750;color:var(--accent)}
.related__list strong{display:block;line-height:1.35;font-size:.98rem}
.prog-courses{margin:26px 0}
.contact-email{font-size:1.1rem;font-weight:700}
.links-grid{list-style:none;padding:0;display:grid;gap:8px;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(200px,1fr))}
.links-grid a{display:block;padding:10px 12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;text-decoration:none;font-weight:650;color:var(--navy)}
.search-code{margin-bottom:20px}
.pager .nav-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px;margin:20px 0}
.pager .page-numbers{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-width:40px;min-height:40px;justify-content:center;padding:0 12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--navy);font-weight:650}
.pager .page-numbers.current{background:var(--navy);border-color:var(--navy);color:#fff}

/* sidebar */
.sidebar{display:grid;gap:18px;align-content:start}
.widget{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;padding:14px;background:#fff}
.widget__title,.widget h2{font-size:1.1rem;margin:0 0 8px}
.side-tools{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.side-tools a{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;padding:8px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #eef1f5;color:var(--navy);text-decoration:none;font-weight:650;font-size:.95rem}
.side-tools .ioe-ico{color:var(--brand-orange)}
.side-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.side-list a{display:block;padding:6px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #eef1f5;font-size:.93rem;color:var(--navy);text-decoration:none}
.sidebar__sticky{position:sticky;top:84px}
.sidebar .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{min-width:0;max-width:100%}
.sidebar .wp-block-search__input{min-width:0;width:100%;min-height:42px;border-radius:8px;border:1px solid #c9d3e2;padding:6px 10px;font-size:16px}
.sidebar .wp-block-search__button{border-radius:8px;background:var(--accent);color:#fff;border:0;padding:8px 14px}
.sidebar .wp-block-latest-posts{padding-left:0;list-style:none}
.sidebar .wp-block-latest-posts li{padding:6px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #eef1f5;font-size:.93rem}
.sidebar .wp-block-latest-comments,.sidebar .no-comments,.sidebar .widget:has(.wp-block-latest-comments){display:none}
.sidebar .wp-block-latest-posts a{color:var(--navy);text-decoration:none}
.sidebar .wp-block-latest-posts a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.sidebar .wp-block-heading{font-size:1.1rem;margin:0 0 8px}

/* ads */
.ad{position:relative;display:block;margin:26px auto;text-align:center;clear:both;overflow:hidden}
.ad__label{display:block;font-size:.7rem;color:#8a95a8;margin-bottom:4px}
.listing .ad{margin:14px 0}

/* footer */
.site-foot{background:var(--navy);color:#d7def0;margin-top:0;padding-top:36px;font-size:.95rem}
.site-foot a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
.site-foot a:hover{text-decoration:underline;color:#ffb27a}
.site-foot__grid{display:grid;gap:24px}
@media(min-width:760px){.site-foot__grid{grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr 1fr 1fr}}
.site-foot__brand{font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:800;font-size:1.4rem;color:#fff;margin:0 0 8px}
.site-foot__brand b{color:#ff8a2a}
.site-foot__indep{border-left:3px solid #ff8a2a;padding-left:10px}
.site-foot__h{font-weight:750;color:#fff;margin:0 0 8px}
.site-foot ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.site-foot li{padding:4px 0}
.site-foot__official{border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);margin-top:26px;padding-top:16px}
.site-foot__official p:last-child{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 18px}
.site-foot__legal{background:#001a4a;margin-top:20px;padding:14px 0;font-size:.82rem;color:#aebad6}

@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}
@media print{.site-head,.site-foot,.sidebar,.ad,.share,.drawer,.toc,.related,.readnext{display:none!important}.sheet{background:none}.layout{display:block}a{color:#000}}